{"id":144603,"date":"2025-02-07T15:47:13","date_gmt":"2025-02-07T13:47:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/?p=144603"},"modified":"2025-08-04T15:01:05","modified_gmt":"2025-08-04T12:01:05","slug":"problemno-orientirano-obuchenie-kato-vazmozhnost-za-razvivane-na-kriticheskoto-mislene-na-ucheniczite","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/newspaper.azbuki.bg\/en\/uncategorized\/problemno-orientirano-obuchenie-kato-vazmozhnost-za-razvivane-na-kriticheskoto-mislene-na-ucheniczite\/","title":{"rendered":"Problem-based Learning as an Opportunity to Develop Students\u2018 Critical Thinking"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Despina Vasileva<\/strong><br \/>\n<em>Sofia University<\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53656\/voc24-4-04\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53656\/voc24-4-04<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Abstract.<\/strong> The article presents the features of problem-oriented learning and the possibility to develop students' critical thinking through it. A model for methodological planning based on problem-oriented learning is presented. Problem solving is preceded by an introduction to the problem situation, which is overcome through the recognition of the problem situation. A key stage is the division into sub-problems. Features of nomothetic and idiographic assessment practices are traced. Problem-oriented learning focuses on consistently developing problem-solving skills. Standardized assessment options are inapplicable because the identification of one solution as more adequate than another is subject to subjective evaluation. Difficulties in assessing individual activities in problem-based learning result from the need to track the student's own development in terms of: problem conceptualization, solution presentation, outcome achievement, argumentative text production, hypothetical presentation of results, etc. Assessment of activities in problem-based learning is idiographic.<br \/>\n<em>Keywords:<\/em> Problem-Based Learning; cognitive skills; metacognitive skills; type of problems; Bulgarian language learning<\/p>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/newspaper.azbuki.bg\/en\/member-login\/\">Log in to read the full text<\/a>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0414\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0412\u0430\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0430 \u0421\u043e\u0444\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442 \u201e\u0421\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u041a\u043b\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u041e\u0445\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0438\u201c https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53656\/voc24-4-04 \u0420\u0435\u0437\u044e\u043c\u0435. \u0412 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u044f\u0442 \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u0432\u044a\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0442\u0430 \u0447\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0430 \u0441\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e \u043c\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0442\u0435. \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u044f \u0441\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b \u0437\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435, \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435. \u0420\u0435\u0448\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0441\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u0432\u044a\u0432\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f, \u043a\u043e\u044f\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0432\u0430 \u0447\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043f\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442\u043e [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":124332423427287,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":[],"jnews_primary_category":[]},"categories":[1],"tags":[9749,9750,4852,9748,9751],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e \u0432\u044a\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442 \u0437\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e \u043c\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0442\u0435 - 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\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0442\u0435 - \u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u0414\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0412\u0430\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0430 \u0421\u043e\u0444\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442 \u201e\u0421\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u041a\u043b\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u041e\u0445\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0438\u201c https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53656\/voc24-4-04 \u0420\u0435\u0437\u044e\u043c\u0435. \u0412 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u044f\u0442 \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 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